No-See-Ums Bites: How to Deal With Them

Island Itch: Everything You Need to Know About No-See-Ums

They’re almost invisible, but they pack a painful punch—no-see-ums, also known as biting midges, are among the most annoying creatures to encounter on a tropical getaway. These tiny pests might be smaller than a pinhead, but their bites can leave you scratching for days. Whether you're lounging on a Caribbean beach, hiking through mangrove forests, or enjoying a sunset in your island bungalow, knowing how to handle these elusive insects is key to keeping your trip itch-free.

Let’s dive into what no-see-ums are, where they thrive, how to avoid them, and—if they do get you—how to treat their irritating bites.

What Are No-See-Ums?

No-see-ums are the common name for biting midges, which belong to the Ceratopogonidae family. These minuscule flies, usually just 1–3 mm in size, are so small they can pass through standard window screens—hence the name “no-see-um.” But despite their size, they come equipped with powerful teeth-like projections on their proboscis, which they use to pierce the skin.

Only female no-see-ums bite, and they do it to obtain the protein needed to produce eggs. When they bite, their saliva prevents your blood from clotting, leaving a tiny droplet they can feed from. The whole process can take several minutes, and most people don’t realize they’ve been bitten until a small, itchy welt forms later.

Some species can also transmit nematodes to humans and blue tongue disease to livestock—a serious concern for farmers in tropical and subtropical climates.

Where and When You'll Encounter No-See-Ums

No-see-ums are found worldwide, but they thrive in humid, warm environments, particularly:

• Coastal regions
• Marshes and wetlands
• Tropical islands
• Near lakes and rivers

They're most active at dawn and dusk, but in dense shade or overcast conditions, they can be bothersome throughout the day.

On islands, you’ll often find them around moist soil, decaying vegetation, and still water, where females lay their eggs. A single female can lay up to 450 eggs per clutch, and she may lay several clutches in her short adult life. The larvae feed on algae, plant matter, and even other small insects before becoming adult midges.

How to Prevent No-See-Um Bites

If you’re heading to an island known for no-see-um activity, it pays to be proactive. Here’s how to avoid getting bitten:

1. Wear Protective Clothing

• Long sleeves and pants, especially during morning and evening hours.
• Choose light-colored fabrics—no-see-ums are attracted to dark colors.

2. Apply Insect Repellent

• Look for products containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus.
• Some island travelers swear by Avon Skin So Soft, which seems to work as a natural deterrent.

3. Use Fine Mesh Screens or Netting

• Standard mosquito netting may not be fine enough.
• When sleeping outdoors or in open rooms, use no-see-um-proof mesh.

4. Avoid Still Water and Dense Vegetation

• These are prime breeding grounds.
• Stick to breezy, open areas where wind makes it harder for midges to fly.

5. Install Fans

• No-see-ums are weak fliers. A fan on your porch or indoors can help keep them away.

How to Treat No-See-Um Bites

Even with precautions, you might still get bitten. If you do, here’s how to reduce the itch and avoid complications:

1. Clean the Area

• Wash with soap and water to remove any saliva or bacteria.

2. Reduce Itching and Swelling

• Apply anti-itch creams like hydrocortisone or calamine lotion.
• For natural relief, try aloe vera, baking soda paste, or witch hazel.

3. Take Antihistamines

• Oral antihistamines like Benadryl or loratadine (Claritin) help reduce allergic reactions and swelling.

4. Avoid Scratching

• Scratching can cause secondary infections or even scarring.
• If necessary, use cold compresses to numb the itch.

5. Watch for Allergic Reactions

• Most bites are mild, but if you develop hives, intense swelling, or difficulty breathing, seek medical help immediately.

No-See-Ums: Tiny But Fascinating

Despite their irritating nature, no-see-ums are part of the island ecosystem. They serve as food for fish, birds, and amphibians, and their larvae help break down organic matter. But when it comes to your vacation comfort, understanding their life cycle and behavior helps you outsmart these tiny biters.

So the next time you're heading to paradise—be it the Florida Keys, Caribbean isles, or a quiet Pacific atoll—pack your repellent, wear your long sleeves, and don’t let no-see-ums crash your island escape.